what is feature in sharepoint?

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A SharePoint Feature is a functional component that can be activated and deactivate at various scopes throughout a SharePoint instances.
Scopes include
  • Farm
  • WebApplication
  • Site (site collection)
  • Web (site)
Features have their own receiver architecture, which allow you to trap events such as when a feature is
  • installing
  • uninstalling
  • activated
  • deactivated
The element types that can be defined by a feature include
  • menu commands
  • link commands
  • page templates
  • page instances
  • list definitions
  • list instances
  • event handlers
  • workflows
The two files that are used to define a feature are
  • feature.xml
  • manifest file(elements.xml)
The feature XML file defines the actual feature and will make SharePoint aware of the installed feature. The manifest file contains details about the feature such as functionality.
Common stsadm commands associated with feature are
  • stsadm -o installfeature
  • stsadm -o uninstallfeature
  • stsadm -o activatefeature
  • stsadm -o deactivatefeature
Please see this link for more questions

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